INDEX. A. Checks and restraints, on the ju- Abjuration - 98 dicial power 274 Abuse of a constitution more dif- - on the legislative 282 ficult to rectify than to form a - on the executive 286 new one - - - 10 Clearances 116 Accused person allowed counsel Coining money 102 and other rights 128 Colonies, their legal nature 19 Acquittal, effect of, 132 -- British 21 Adjournment of congress 48 Colonial commerce 26 Age qualification of, for certain Commerce 82 offices 287 Compensation to public officers 179 Alien 87 Communications by president to - suits by an 231 congress 171 Alliance, no state allowed to en- Congress of provinces 26 ter into 136 of United States 27 Allegiance, how far indefeasible 87 its enumerated powers 77 Alteration of constitution ought --to lay and collect taxes ib. not to be in power of the legis. --to borrow money on the lature 16 credit of the United States 81 - impolicy of frequent alte- --to regulate internal and rations ib. external commerce ib. Amendments to the constitittion 120 --to establish a uniform American people, their character 290 system of naturalization 84 Appellate jurisdiction, its nature --to pass uniform laws on and necessity 231 the subject of bankruptcy 101 Apportionment of representation --to coin money and to among the states 42 provide for the punishment for of direct taxation 80 counterfeiting the current coin Appointments to office 162 of U. States 102 Appropriations of public motieys 70 --to establish post offices Aristocracy 36 and post roads 103 Arms, right of people to bear 125 --to grant patents for in- Arsenals 238 ventions, &c. 104 Athenian assembly 13 --to define and punish pi- Attainder, bills of 119 racies and felonies committed corruption of blood on the high seas 106 upon, 143 --to define and punish of- fences against the law of nations 108 B. --to declare and carry on war 109 Bankruptcy 101 Bills of credit 102 --to provide for calling - of rights not found in all the out the militia, and on what oc. state constitutions 120 casions, &c. 111 Borrowing money by U. States 81 --to exercise exclusive le- Britain, Great 1. 19. 24. 69. 75. 91. 95 gislation over a district of ten miles square 112 C. -- to make all laws which Caucus 58 shall be necessary for carrying Census, see Enumeration. the foregoing into execution 114 Citizenship 86 is restricted from laying ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ a tax or duty on articles export- Court for the trial of impeach- ed from any state 115 ments, see impeachments. Congress is restricted from giving -- martial 220 a preference by any regulations -- Supreme, of U. States 222 of commerce or revenue to the its powers ib. ports of one state over those of --cases in which it another 116 has original jurisdiction ib. --from passing a bill of - when appellate 226 attainder or ex post facto law 119 -- circuit, 227 --from granting titles ib. -- district 231 --from passing any law re- -- territorial ib. respecting the establishment of -- their jurisdiction ib. religion or preventing the free Crimes, impossibility of fully de- exercise of it 121 scribing them by statutes 262 --from passing any law to -- liable to punishment by impair the liberty of the press 123 law of nature 268 -- from passing any law to -- against U. States, means, prevent the people from peace- -- against people of U. States 262 eably assembling and petitioning 124 -- consequences deduced Confederaion 26 therefrom ib. Consuls 224 Consuls and vice consuls, prose- D. cutions against 232 Decision, rules of Connecticut originally chartered Democracy 10 on the principle of representa- Districts, appropriated for arse- tion 14 nals, &c. 238 Consolidation, the U. States, not a -- seat of government 113, 238 consolidated government 243 -- judicial, U. States divided Convention of 1787 27 into 236 Contagious disorders 116 Dockyards 238 Constitutions,their general meaning 9 --and principles 17 E. --more readily form- Elections of members of house of ed on single principle 10 representatives 41 -- need not be in writ- -- each house to judge of ing 15 those of its own members 46 --of U. States 17 -- of president and vice mode of construing president 51 it recommended 31 England,its constitution 13 Contempts of the legislative body 47 -- may be altered at the power to punish, and pleasure of legislature 26 -- principles on which it is found- Enumeration, decennial 42 ed not declared by statute 272 -- peculiar to America Convicts 101 that it should be required by Contracts, laws impairing the ob- the constitution 44 ligation of, prohibited to states 136 --- its effects 45 Construction of constitution, pow- Enumerated powers of congress, er of, belongs to judiciary, and vide congress. not to legislature 227 Equity, construction given to the copy right 104 word 257 Corruption of blood 143 Executive power 147 Courts, United States, cases in -- constitutional descrip- which they have exclusive ju- tion of its extent and limitation 149 risdiction 202 -- unity of it desirable and admiralty and maritime ib. unattended by danger 15O affecting ambassadors, &c. 203 -- duties of president, for the recovery of debts means provided for their per- or damages due to U. States in formance 151 state courts ib. -- the command of the - difficulty of, in regard to military forces 138 criminal cases 205 --, the qualified power - their concurrent jurisdic- of appointing to executive and tion with those of states 202, 205 judicial offices 162 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Executive officers, liability 163 to the state ib. Law, Cicero's remarks on 26O to individuals ib. -- common 256 contrasted with the -- of nature 270 practice of foreign nations ib. -- of nations 108 -- influence, little danger Laws enacted by congress form to be apprehended from the the third rule of obligation 77 undue exercise of - 286 Legislative action cannot be sus- Expatriation 90 pended by an act of the execu- Exportation 115 tive 34 Ex post facto law 119 Libels punishable 123 Exclusion, power of 47 Literary property 105 F. M. Federal, the word, improperly Mail, robbing the 205 applied to the courts of the U. Marque and reprisal, letters of 136 States 252 Militia, nature of 163 Felonies 106 - advantages and disadvan- Foreign States, &c. presents or tages 153 -- emoluments from 120 -- instances of their efficiency ib. Fugitives from justice 100 -- subjection to the orders of -- service ib. president and congress 155 -- cases arising out of this, &c. ib. G. Governors of states, when to obey N. orders of president 155, 160 Nation, term applied to the United their prompt co-opera- States not strictly applicable to 31 tion with the measures of the Individual states general government Nations, law of 108 Naturalization 84 Guarantee of republican form of government 295 Neutrality 75 Nobility, titles of 119 H. 0. Habeas corpus 117 Offences, see crimes. -- offices, appointment to executive I. and judicial, in whom vested 162 impeachment 209, 273 -- when incompatible with independence declared 28 each other 184 Indictment 132 -- oath of 190 information ib. Officers whose appointment re- Insurrection 193 quires the consent of the se- nate 163 J. -- the secre- jeopardy of life or limb, no one tary of state 165 to be twice put in for the same -- -- of the offence 132 treasury ib. Judicial districts 128 -- of the navy ib. -- power 199 -- of war ib. -- offices, tenure of 277 officers, their commissions 166 Jury, trial by 134 -- delivery not essential to Jurisdiction in suits by or against the validity of a commission ib. states 203 - duration of commissions - ib. -- admiralty and mairi- - executive, their liability 168 time 202 Organization of judiciary 276 Jurisdiction, concurrent, between U. States and state courts-see P. courts. Pardon 174 appellate of supreme - not grantable on convic- court of United States, in what tions of impeachments,and why 293 cases 241 Patents for useful inventions 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Petioning, right of, secured 124 Piracies 106 Quarantine 116 Post office and post roads 103 Quartering soldiers 126 Powers of government, how to Quorum 40, 48 be divided 12 Press, freedom of 123 R. President, present mode of elec- Religious opinions not to be con- tion 53 trolled 121 former mode ib. two states in which dis- provision for a vacancy qualifications as to religious opi- in the office 55 inions still exist 122 -- qualifications in can- Removal from state courts 233 didates 287 -- from office 278 -- participation in legis- Representation, its value 12 lative power 50 -- England 44 -- comparison between -- tabular view of it the American and European sys- in U. States 45 tem as to the veto of the execu- -- anomaly in pre- tive 62 sent system 46 -- his power in making Representitives, number of de- treaties 63 termined by a decennial census 42 --to enforce tb em 75 -- house of, founded --instance thereof ib. on the principle of the repre- -- his power of granting sentation of the people, though pardons 174 not purely and abstractedly 41 -- advantages of vesting -- composed of re- it in him 178 presentatives of the people of -- extends to all cases the several states, not of the except impeachments and con- people at large; advantages of tempts of either house of the this mode ib. legislature 176, 177 -- its power as to --- communications to be judging of returns and qualifi- made by him to congress 171 cations and punishment of its -- his duty in respect to own members 46 furnishing information upon the -- its duty and pow- request of either house of con- ers in case of attempt to assail gress ib. the freedom or corrupt the in- -- former practice of tegrity of any of its members 47 congress upon receiving a mes- -- majority consti- ge from 172 tutes a quorum 48 his duty as to carry- but a smaller ing on intercourse with foreign number may adjourn de die in nations 171 diem and may be authorized to -- neutrality maintained compel the attendance of mem- by him 75 bers 49 -- his power as to ac- -- cannot adjourn knowledging the new establish- for more than three days, nor to ment of a foreign nation 195 a different place ib. -his duty in case of -- journal of its pro- war breaking out between two ceedings ib. or more external nations in re- Restrictions 115, 282 spect to preserving neutrality 197 Revenue defined 71 -- may require the opi- -- bills for raising must nions of the principal executive originate in the house of repre- officers 194 sentatives ib. Presidential electoral appoint- Rhode Island, its charer 14 ment of 57 Rotation in office 288 Private property, when it may be Royal governments 22 taken for public use 133 Provincial governments 22 S. Punishments 268 Search warrants 127 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Seizures under laws of impost, &c. 231 Treaties, effect of 63 Secession from union 297 case of treaty of Nov. -- effects of 306 19, 1794 68 Senate, its legislative power 33 -- correspondence be- - its treaty making power 64 tween house of representatives - its judicial power - 209 and president Washington on Senators, their appointment 39 the subject 68 -- qualifications ib. -- resolutions of house of -- number from each state ib. representatives 70 -- duration of office 39 -- their effect on state con- -mode of supplying va- stitutions and laws 74, 324 cancies ib. -- disposition of money by -- majority of members, treaty 70 not of states, constitutes a quo- -- plaintive letter of the rum 40 old congress on the subbject of 316 -- question arising from Treason against U. States 139 the majority of states refusing Trial by jury 128 to appoint 303 - rights of the person accused -not bound by instruc- on ib. tions 39 Truces ib. Slave trade 117 Speech, freedom of 123 U. Statutes 78 Uniformity in organizing the mi- States, members of the union 30 litia 111 - but not in a federate capa- Union, permanence of 295 city 31 - jurisdiction of suits by and V. against 226 Vacancies in the senate 39 - sovereignty of, how pre- -- in the house of repre- served 31 sentatives 46 -- in the office of president T. and vice president 55 Taxation 79 Territories 237 W. Treaties, their nature, and lan- War 109, 110 guage of the constitution con- Washington's administration 198 cerning them 63 -- farewell address 308 -- their formation and rati- Witnesses, process to bring them fication, how, when, and by in allowed to the accused 129 whom ib. Writs of error 226, 234